DEATH WITH DIGNITY Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

DEATH WITH DIGNITY - Essay Example Different countries hold different views on euthanasia and so as their respective legal bodies. In Sweden it is allowed and in UK it is prohibited. Euthanasia again is divided into passive and active euthanasia and the law does not hold same view regarding this two. In this dubious state regarding euthanasia patients suffering form terminal illness are the prime sufferers. Should euthanasia be legalized or it should be left as it is. The following paper leads an investigative report on moral, ethical and legal grounds on this issue at the back ground of a case study of a young girl Maria who is suffering from motor neuron disease a terminal illness and has only one year to survive. Moreover the paper suggests some recommendations for the Minister of Health in order to facilitate euthanasia in a just way. Executive Summary: Death with dignity or euthanasia is a much-debated issue in the world. Apart from Oregon in other states of USA it’s prohibited and in United Kingdom the de bate is still going on over its acceptance. Interestingly in UK by The Suicide Act 1961, suicide has been legalized under certain circumstances but ending one’s life with the help of another is strictly prohibited. However it has been observed that assisted suicide is the only outlet or route of escape available to the people suffering from terminal illness, since in most of the cases they are not capable of doing it by their own. This report will enlighten the dubious factors hovering around this faint demarcation of suicide and assisted suicide and also will highlight the necessity of euthanasia to be legalized. In this effort a case study of Maria a young girl suffering from motor neuron disease has been considered. Maria whose fate was sealed as soon as she was detected with the mentioned disease, was bed ridden and paralysed to that extent that she cannot put an end to her life by her own. Her mother and family was strongly in favour of assisting her to end her life to a void the later stage complicacies and pain mainly arising from respiratory failure; but were never granted permission for the same. It should be noted since motor neuron disease leaves the mind almost unaffected hence it is obvious that Maria opined the same with her mother and family. This report aims at considering the case of euthanasia in a detailed manner and explores the ethical, legal and moral grounds in favour or against the same. The report also aims to figure out an appropriate point where euthanasia should be legalized and in its way to achieve that goal the report also suggests a set of recommendations. Rationale of the Report: Firstly historical evidence points to the fact that many clinical cases have been faced so far where a person with terminal illness and suffering like hell but the people around her even knowing the ultimate outcome remained neutral considering the red eyes of law. Examples in UK can be found from the instance from Mrs. Dianne Petty and Debbie Pu rdy. This report focuses on the justification of that act. Secondly according to Griffiths many medical professionals consciously or unwillingly considers voluntary euthanasia; an estimate put this number at 12 percent. (Griffiths, 1999) However the difference between voluntary and

Cell Phones While Driving Essay Example for Free

Cell Phones While Driving Essay Are cell phones dangerous while driving? Do you know hoy many deaths occur per year because of the cell phones? Everyday people die in car accidents for using cell phones while driving. According to NSC. Org â€Å"Drivers that use mobile phones are four times more likely to be involved in an accident†. Even though some people think that hand-free set is safe but it still dangerous. People should avoid talking while driving; those who defend the phone use often say that it makes no difference whether someone is talking on a phone or not. Some people who work depend on a cell phone like lawyers or businessmen. They always have to be available to answer the phone in order to keep their business running. However, their habits can create dangerous situations like a collision or an accident. Business issues can be stressful and hazardous while driving because it can cause emotional reactions that can lead to tragedies. Do to the fact that while they talk with someone of their coworkers they might get upset and this can lower their driving ability that can chief to lose control over the car. If people do not make the decision to leave aside their cell phones their routine can harm innocent people. Like mentioned before, other people say that hands-free set is safety. However, hands-free devices do not eliminate the risk of causing an accident and even worsen it by suggesting that the fact of using it is safe. Researches from the state Department of Transportation, show records that using headset can be as dangerous as holding a phone because the conversations distracts drivers from focusing on the road. Scientists had proven that people talking over the phone image person who they talking to and that does not interfere with driving. The problem is when a car swerves unexpectedly or pedestrian step into traffic, and the mind lacks the processing power to react in time. So the problem is not in holding the wheel and cell phone at the same time the cause is the lack of reaction at the particularly time People in favor of the use cell phones, say that it is a good option to do it in case of an emergency. However, I believe that it is a wrong thought. It is an illusion of safety because when people need them, the most their cell phones r they can not either reach them or find them because they could be stuck or hidden in some part of the car. People shouldnt fully depend on cell phones owing to that fact that they are not reliable; the trusty solution for the difficult situation it could be OnStar. Which is a service that in case of an accident or an emergency will contact you. If you are not able to answer, they will contact the police department, the hospital or the fire service. Therefore, nowadays cell phones are unnecessary devices because they are unreliable in emergency situations while you are in a car accident. In conclusion, I think drivers should be more conscious about using the cell phone while driving. As I said it earlier hand-free device is not safety at all, because requires the brain to be multitask. If drivers do not give up cell-phones the number of mortalities on the roads will continue to increase.

Concert Critique of Mozart and The Height of Classicism Essay -- Analy

Concert Critique of Mozart and The Height of Classicism   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On Sunday, December 07, 2003, I attended the Mozart and The Height of Classicism concert that was held in the Lincoln Theater of the New World Symphony orchestral academy. Conducted by Nicholas McGegan featuring pianist Robert Levin. There were two pieces of music during this concert, one of the movements was performed by the pianist alone as a solo, Mr. Robert Levin. The program’s title was Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart, Chaconne from Idomeneo. The first piece was Concerto No. 24 in C minor for Piano and Orchestra, K. 491, Allegro, Larghetto, and Allegretto. The second piece was Symphony No. 36 in C major, K.425, â€Å"Linz†, Adagio-Allegro spiritoso, Andante, Menuetto-Trio, and Presto. This concert was unique in that the focus seemed to be as much on the instruments as in the music itself. As the pianist and conductor expressed the form of improvisation as Mozart did, which I will explain further on my critique.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The concert began promptly at 3pm, when the conductor Nicholas McGegan entered the stage with the full theater clapping, along all the members of the orchestra. All the men and women in the orchestra including the conductor were wearing all black suits. Prior to his entrance I noticed that the orchestra began to play, it was obvious that the concert had not begun, so I realized that they were just toning their instruments. This also, happened when we returned from intermission. Being my first time to an orchestra I first thought that they were playing around with the instruments. The Allegro part was very good. I found my self enjoying the most the beginnings and endings of the movements. It also sounded very happy, and bright. This one and Larghetto I enjoyed fully since it was the beginning of the concert. This was my first time attending an orchestral concert. I noticed how beautiful the music sounded and I began to appreciate it a lot more. I can admit that how great and enjoyable was, that I was in a bit of a shock. This was nothing compared to listening to a compact disc. I can say that my favorite instrument was the violin. The play it was played, and how beautifully it sounded, it was like nothing I’ve hear before. In this orchestra I noticed that most violinist were mostly women. I think that this was because women have more sensitivity, which seemed necessary to play the i... ...rs where the violins, viola, cello, flutes, bassoon, French horns and timpani played a bigger role. I’m not saying that this piano concerto was horrible but I just didn’t enjoy as much the piano’s performance in those two movements. It might have been the pianist interpretation, and exercise of improvisation. These two movements were the last performance of the pianist and once the second movement ended the piano was removed from the orchestra. Mr. Robert Levin received his applause once he finished and when he walked back from the curtains. Over all I did love the concert because it was the same style of classicism. The last two movements Menuetto-Trio and Presto were conducted by Nicholas McGegan. My favorite was definitely the last one, because it was so exciting, energetic and fast paced. The timpani as well as all the other instruments sounded great. The timpani in this movement played louder and more frequently that all the other movements, including th e previous piece. There was only one percussionist and he played two timpani. So finally, I’ll end by saying again that the concert was great, and very well performed. I look forward to attending the New World Symphony again.

African American President Essay

Between the two articles; â€Å"Hell Yeah, There’s Still Slam-Banging Black Music† by Greg Tate and â€Å"Starting Now, There Is No Such Thing as Black Music† by Cord Jefferson, they are basically discussing the beginning times of when Black Music came about and how it became labeled Black Music. Also how there should be no such thing as Black Music due to certain circumstance. Going back to when Black Music first became labeled Black Music and thinking about all the important Black leader who stood up for their rights and some who accomplished successful things that were once thought could only be accomplished by the Whites, I believe Black Music being labeled Black Music should stay the same. I also think whether to be considered Black Music or not, it will always be up to ones decision on what they consider the type of music they listen to no matter what anyone else says. What is labeled Black Music today I think has very significant and important meaning to the African American culture because just like the article â€Å"Hell Yeah, There’s Still Slam-banging Black Music,† African Americans don’t even have a country to call their own. I think having something simply as a type of music the Black’s created to call their own I don’t think should be a big deal at all and should not be changed. The article also mentioned that everything Black’s did back then became a beauty, especially their music which I think would be easy for anyone to see just knowing the history of African Americans and what they had to do just to be where they are today, slave and discrimination free. There is also plenty of successful African Americans we know about living today and from back then that went through a lot just have some recognition for the African American culture. Some of these successful African Americans not only include Musicians, but also actress and or performers, novel writers, business owners, and today a African American President. I do believe there is a such thing as Black Music simply because the music portrayed as Black Music is still continued today as well as when it first started. In the article by Cord Jefferson, he’s trying to compare basketball to the matter calling it a White’s sport because it first being played by White males, but it wouldn’t make sense being called a White’s sports today when today it’s played by many different races other than White males. Not saying that there aren’t non-Black people recording what we as Americans consider Black Music, but the larger majority of artist recording what’s labeled as Black Music today are African Americans. That’s basically how it’s been since the beginning start of Black Music and that’s how I believe it will stay.

Abraham Lincoln: President of the USA Essay

Abraham Lincon was born Febuary 12, 1809 in a log cabin in Hardin County, Kentucky. Born in a farming family, with tradgedy around him, Lincon perservered. Lincon became the sixteenth president of the United States, and guided America through some of it’s biggest struggles, such as the Civil War. In a world full of â€Å"You cannot do it†, Lincon ignored hate, and through each failure, found success. Abraham Lincon was birthed by Nancy Lincon and Thomas Lincon. Two years before Lincon was born, his mother had a daughter name Sarah. Thomas Lincon was the traditional frontier farmer. Lincon grew up seeing his father as ignorant, and did not admire his father. Both of Lincon’s parents worshipped at an anti-slavery church, that was very contriversal during the time in the slave state of Kentucky. See more:  The 3 Types of Satire Essay Lincon once shot a turkey while on the farm, and the sight of blood and dying repulsed him, that day Lincon knew he was never going to be a marksman. Lincon’s mother at age thrity four died of a â€Å"mill sick† disease. The widowed Tom Lincon re-married, and moved the family to Ohio. The summer of 1828, Lincon read the Declaration of Independence and was drawn into it. After that Lincon began reading books on law, and attending political meetings. In 1831, on a trip to New Orleans Lincon witnessed the brutality of slavery, and it was there where he formed his opinon on slavery; injust. In 1833, Lincon ran for state legislature, and lost. Instead, Lincon was state assemblyman, and would soon go represent Henry Clay’s Whig party. Lincon soon had a growing repuation. Lincon ran for State Legislature against Stephen Douglas, and lost. Lincon had many ups and downs with women, his first wife, dying and then he met Mary Todd and married. Servants who worked for Mary found her very obnoxious. A close friend of Lincon called the Lincon household as â€Å"Domestic hell on Earth†. Abe and Mary’s son Eddie, died, and Mary was very devestated. Later that year, they had another child named William. Abe’s father Tom became ill, and died, and Abe did not attend the funeral or mark his grave. In 1858, Abe ran against Douglas for U.S. Senate and was defeated. In 1857, the Dred Scott case came along. Abe compltely supported the case, and believed that all men should be equal. Douglas always thought that Lincon was preaching for â€Å"Negro citizenship†. Abe preached slavery was ethucally wrong. Later, Abe was nominated for president, and succeeded. Now began the fight for Abe to end slavery. Abe believed that the only way to beat slavery and change the constitution is to change the will of the people (Keneally 65). Abe stated that the Civil War was not to free slaves, but to save the union. Abe had the union victory at Antietam, which would serve as a baisis for his first Emancipation Proclamation. On January 1, 1863, Abe freed the slaves in the rebel states. After his first term, Abe was re-elected as President of the United States. Earlier in the month of April 1865, Abe had a dream he died of asassination. On April 14th, the Lincons went to John Fords Theatre to see Laura Keene’s benifiet performance of the â€Å"Our American Cousin†. It was there in the box seating of the John Ford theatre that Abe was shot in the back of the head by John Wilkes Booth. After the shoot, Booth jumped on stage and yelled â€Å"sic semper tyrannis†, the audience believing it to be part of the play since Booth was a well-known actor. Abe passed later that night and became the bloodied nation incarnate (Keneally 175). Before I read this book, the only thing I really knew about Abe Lincon was that he freed the slaves, and was known as â€Å"Honest Abe†. Abraham Lincon was sort of a totured soul. He lost his mother, and never really got along with his father. Abe never had much luck with the ladies, but seemed like a man who would do anything for a woman he loved. I envy Abe in a way. Abraham Lincon should really be a synonym in the dictionary behind the word â€Å"Perserverance†. Abe ran for an election, and was defeated, ran again, and was defeated. Ran again, and was defeated. And so on, and so forth. Out of all of Abe’s defeats he found the greatest thing of all; success. Not once did Abe ever give up. I am sure he thought about it many times, and reached his breaking point all to much, but he never let that stop him. Abraham Lincon was a man of many things, he had a roughness about him, and was disportionally awkward and clumsy. Abe had many failures from being defeated countlessly, and death of family and friends, he overcame it all. Abe is debatedly one of the best Presidents of the United States, and through defeat, he found success and his legacy will remain forever.

Lady Audley essays

Lady Audley essays Phoebe Marks inferiority is complex Phoebe Marks identity is masked by being inferior to both Lady Audley and Luke Marks in the Mary Elizabeth Bradden novel Lady Audleys Secret. This inferiority not only lessens Phoebes femininity but also forces her into a subdivision of gender she is incapable of owning. Why didnt the privileges that existed for Lady Audley exist for Phoebe? Phoebe is afraid of Luke, and terrified of refusing his hand in marriage therefore robbing her of the feminine duty or privilege to marry well. Is it a coincidence that Phoebe is treated better as a maid at Audley Court than Luke Marks wife? Throughout the novel, Phoebe is referred to as a maid or servant of Lady Audley and the wife of Luke Marks or the inn keepers wife (311). She is never characterized on her own circumstance, but on the circumstance of others. In other words, she is never able to do what she wants as a person or as a woman, instead she has to take orders from people who do not see her as the effeminate woman she could be. For example, she is forced into marrying Luke because she is afraid that if she does not marry him, he will be very violent toward her. On page 107, Phoebe explains Luke as a child ...he was always violent and revengeful. I saw him once take up that very knife in a quarrel with his mother. I tell you, my lady, I must marry him. Since she is afraid of Luke, she is robbed of the feminine privilege to marry for love (or Lady Audleys this case-money). Again on page 107, Phoebe declares that she does not love Luke: I dont think I can love him. We have been together from children, and I promised, when I was little better than fifteen, that Id be his wife. I darent break that promise now...I darent refuse to marry him. Ive often watched and watched him, as he has sat slicing away at a hedge-stake with his great...

Happy Friendship Day Quotes

Happy Friendship Day Quotes Whatever your age, don’t feel embarrassed to wish your best friends, Happy Friendship Day. It does not matter whether you are 16 or 60. Friendship Day is a celebration of a relationship that has been nurtured over the years. Everybody needs a friend. Recall your fondest memories: the time you shared a laugh with friends in the school cafeteria. Or the time you whispered your darkest secrets to your friend, after making her take a solemn oath of secrecy. When is Friendship Day? Every year International Friendship Day is celebrated on the first Sunday of August. However, according to UN resolution A/65/L.72, passed on April 27, 2011, International Friendship Day has been shifted to July 30. Therefore, instead of celebrating Friendship Day on the first Sunday of August every year, we will now celebrate it on a fixed date: July 30. But friendships are forever, right? How can a change of date diminish the bond? If you believe in a ceremonial celebration of friendship, what better occasion than Friendship Day to reconnect with old ties, patch up differences, and make new friends? Make the most of Friendship Day by acknowledging your true friends. Raise a glass to honor those who stuck to you through thick and thin. Gift your best friends a memorable day, filled with fun, games, and laughter. Quotes for Friendship Day Reach out to distant friends, and strike a chord with some friendship quotes. Geographical boundaries melt away when friends get together. Have you lost touch with some of your best friends? Get in touch with them through popular social networking sites. Say, Happy Friendship Day! to your friends. James BoswellA companion loves some agreeable qualities, which a man may possess, but a friend loves the man himself.Eustace BudgellFriendship is a strong and habitual inclination in two persons to promote the good and happiness of one another.CiceroFriendship makes prosperity more brilliant, and lightens adversity by dividing and sharing it.Charles Caleb ColtonTrue friendship is like sound health; the value of it is seldom known until it be lostRalph Waldo EmersonEvery man passes his life in the search after friendship.Ralph Waldo EmersonA friend may well be reckoned the masterpiece of nature.EpicurusWe do not so much need the help of our friends as the confidence of their help in need.Thomas HuxleyFriendship involves man things but, above all the power of going outside oneself and appreciating what is noble and loving in another.Lois L. KaufmanPlant a seed of friendship; reap a bouquet of happiness.John EvelynFriendship is the golden thread that ties the heart of all the world. Baltasar GracianFriendship multiplies the good of life and divides the evil.Dag HammarskjoldFriendship needs no words.Henry David ThoreauThe most I can do for my friend is simply to be his friend. I have no wealth to bestow on him. If he knows that I am happy in loving him, he will want no other reward. Is not friendship divine in this?James Fennimore Cooper Friendship that flows from the heart cannot be frozen by adversity, as the water that flows from the spring cannot congeal in winter.James Francis ByrnesFriendship without self-interest is one of the rare and beautiful things in life.

French Wine Pronunciation

French Wine Pronunciation If you love French wine but hate ordering it, heres a page that can help. This list of French wines and related vocabulary includes sound files to help you pronounce the names of French wines. A la và ´tre  !le vin  Ã‚  Ã‚  winele vin blanc  Ã‚  Ã‚  white winele vin rosà ©Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  rosà © winele vin rouge  Ã‚  Ã‚  red wineun verre  Ã‚  Ã‚  glassune bouteille  Ã‚  Ã‚  bottleune dà ©gustation de vin  Ã‚  Ã‚  wine tasting(learn more)French WinesArmagnacBeaujolais nouveauBordeauxBourgogne  Ã‚  Ã‚  (burgundy)Cabernet sauvignonChablisChampagneChà ¢teauneuf-du-PapeChenin blancCognacMà ©docMerlotMuscatPinot blancPinot grisPinot noirPomerolPouilly-Fuissà ©SancerreSauternesSauvignon blancSà ©millonSt ÉmilionViognierVouvrayGo on to page 2 to learn some French wine tasting terms.Related Articles Wine festival in Hyà ¨res French Expressions la và ´tre !Mettre de leau dans son vinLe nouveau est arrivà © Now that you know how to pronounce French wine and have ordered it, what next? There is a whole science to wine, called oenology, that analyzes everything from making wine to tasting wine. The latter is the most important part for consumers, so here are some terms to help you talk about what youre drinking.La dà ©gustation de vin , or wine tasting, can be summed up into three steps.1. La robe - AppearanceBefore you take even one sip, look at the wine and consider its color, clarity, and consistency. Here are some French terms to help you describe what you see.La couleur - ColorIn addition to obvious colors like rouge (red) and blanc (white), you might see ambrà © - amberbrun - browncarmin - crimsoncuivrà © - copperydorà © - goldenjaunà ¢tre - yellowishorangà © - orangeypaille - strawpourpre - scarletrose saumon - salmon pinkrubis - rubyverdà ¢tre - greenishviolacà © - purplishclair - lightfoncà © - darkpà ¢le - paleprofond - deep La clartà © brillant - brilliantbrumeux - mistyclair - clearcristallin - crystal-clearopaque - opaqueun reflet - glintterne - dulltrouble - muddy La consistance des bulles - bubblesdes dà ©pà ´ts - sedimentdes jambes, larmes - legs or tears; how the wine flows down the sides of the glassde la mousse - foam, bubbles 2. Le nez - Smellles arà ´mesFrench food vocabularyfruità ©và ©gà ©talfruits and vegetablesagrumesfruits rougespamplemousseartichautchampignonsflorallavandejasminvioletteun goà »t de chà ¢taignenoisettenoixà ©picà ©poivrecannellemuscadeherbacà ©rà ©glissethymmenthe boisà © - woodybrà »là © - burnt tastecacao - cocoacafà © - coffeecà ¨dre - cedarcharnu - meatychocolat - chocolatefoin - hayfumà © - smokymà ©dicinal - medicinalminà ©ral - mineralmusquà © - muskyparfumà © - fragrantpin - pinerà ©sinà © - resinoustabac - tobaccoterreux - earthythà © - teavanille - vanilla un dà ©faut bouchonnà © - corkedmildiousà © - mildewedmoisi - moldy, mustyoxydà © - oxidized 3. La bouche - Taste acerbe - tartacide - acidicaigre - souraigu - sharpamer - bitterun arrià ¨re-goà »t - aftertastebien à ©quilibrà © - well balanceddoux - sweetfrais - freshfruità © - fruityun goà »t - tastela longueur / persistance en bouche - time the flavor remains in your mouth after swallowingmoelleux - sugaryune note - hintplat - flatrond - mildrude - harshsalà © - saltyune saveur - flavorsec - drysucrà © - sweetapercevoir - to perceiveavaler - to swallowboire - to drinkcracher - to spit outfaire tourner le vin dans le verre - to swirl the wine in the glassincliner - to tilt (the glass)remarquer - to noticesiroter - to sipvoir - to see How to Taste Wines

Public Health in New Guinea Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Public Health in New Guinea - Essay Example (Statistics from World Health Organization, 2009). Over the last 30 years very little has changed in New Guinea as far as increase in salary levels or a rise out of poverty. There are also many natural hazards to this country. Those include volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis, cyclones, large-scale landslides, flooding, sporadic droughts, frosts in highland areas, the impact of climate variability and now rising sea levels. They have had almost every one of these occur over the last 5 years The state of the people's health is worse in New Guinea than any other Pacific region country. Communicable disease, including malaria and tuberculosis, remain the major cause of death. There is also a generalized epidemic of HIV/AIDs. Maternal and child morbidity rate are high I. It appears that the first thing that will need to happen is to set up a well run public health education system. I make this first due to the facts as presented above. New Guinea is very rural and travel is very limited so to assure that we are getting information to those that need it, we must educate groups in each area. In setting up this part of the plan, it is important to assure that we improve the literacy rate also. This will further our overall ability to improve health. II. Improve the rate of immunization. ... The problem here is getting the immunizations to the people but with the initial education of groups within areas, we would be able to improve this data. III. Hepatitis according to the WHO data runs in the thousands of patients. This problem is related to the conditions created by earthquakes and tsunamis to name a few. Of course we cannot decrease natural disasters but we can teach the people how to get and treat clean water as well as how to treat waste in such as way as to prevent some spread of these diseases. IV. Improve the availability of sterilizers. Much of the equipment that is needed, including surgery equipment is available now. The problem is that there are few and sometimes no sterilizers available in a given area. The people need to be taught to sterilize without the use of electricity as that is often not available in the rural areas. A campaign to get them sterilizers that operate on battery power would help tremendously here. V. National Policy regarding disposal. There is at present no national policy regarding the disposal of refuse, waste, medications, contaminated equipment or any other. This definitely needs to be part of the education process that takes place, as well as a policy developed and put into place. VI. HIV/AIDS education. 5% of the population has active aids at this point and that number is growing. There is an aids program that is active in the country but again, the country is so rural that most never get education or treatment. Set up district groups in this country seems to be the best way to handle this. VII. Drug Procurement-The country of New Guinea is a poor country. As stated before, they are listed as the most impoverished in the Pacific region. Treating disease is very difficult given the

The Historical and Cultural Importance of Corn Research Paper

The Historical and Cultural Importance of Corn - Research Paper Example Though it is a grain, it is used as a vegetable. Evidence points out that it was in use by mayan and Aztec tribes almost 7000 years ago. The Native Americans fondly called it ‘mahiz’, which in their language meant ‘that sustain us’. Corn has a remarkable position in setting up a trade network in America there by changing the people from nomadic to agrarian societies. The native tribes helped the early European settlers with the technique of cultivating the corn there by saving much hungry stomach from starvation and death. The first governor of the Plymouth Colony, Governor William Bradford, said once "And sure it was God's good providence that we found this corn for we know not how else we should have done† (History of corn in America). Today, as the largest producer of corn in the world, America produces almost ten million bushels of world’s 23 bushels of crop. And the estimated corn production for the 2010-2011 was 12.5 billion bushels (US Co rn Production). According to the National Corn Association, eighty percentage of corn produced in America is consumed by domestic and overseas livestock, poultry farms, and fish farms. It is used for industrial uses like manufacturing nylon fibers, ethanol, and degradable plastics. It is also a main component in baby food, mush, puddings, and many more dishes because of its nutritional values (Major crops grown in the United States). Unlike any other crop, corn has its own cultural significance in the American society. Thanks giving day in the US is a festival held before and after the harvest cycles to thank God for giving good harvest, and to remember their voyage from Europe to America. Thus corn has become a popular symbol of thanks giving in the US culture. Corn in variety colors – red, white, blue and yellow is used for decorating dining tables. As Sempel (2010) points out, corn reminds the importance and heritage of the famous harvest festival in 1621 in Plymouth. Ther e are many events like tractor pulls, historical exhibits and square dancing during the corn festivals. People celebrate it by engaging in contests like corn eating, water melon eating etc. Parades, carnivals and even games like sack races, hog calling are also held on that day. This extremely versatile plant is the integral part of Texan culture. For instance, â€Å"Texans used cobs for jug and bottle stoppers, smoking pipes, tool handles, corn shellers, back scratchers, torches, fishing floats, and, most importantly, firewood and meat-smoking fuel† (Corn culture). People living in Europe did not know about corn till America was discovered by the Great Sailor Columbus. In Europe, it was considered as a garden plant until it began to be considered as a valuable food crop. Now it is not only cultivated for food purpose but also as staple diets for farm animals. Products like regular corn on cob, popped kernels, and corn meals like corn bread, oil and even alcohol are made from corn. Europeans had played a vital role in making corn an important crop in the world. In olden days, a festival named corn-dolly was celebrated in Europe. A doll made with the ears of corn called corn-mother is carried home and then thoroughly drenched in water. Then it is kept in the barn along with flowers. It was Portuguese who introduced the corn culture in the African society. Agricultural practices such as swidden cultivation and the processing of the corn cobs increased the need of female

The impact of the Land Registration Act 2002 on the conveyancing Essay

The impact of the Land Registration Act 2002 on the conveyancing process in registered land - Essay Example It served well for nearly 80 years and was able to cope with the fundamental economic and social changes that took place over that time. Today, nearly all land is ‘registered land’ and the system underwent significant reform with the enactment of the Land Registration Act (LRA) 2002 that entered into force on 13 October 2003. The Land Registration Act 2002 has been received with much critical acclaim, and rightly so. It is a work of monumental importance and monumental effort. Law Commission Report No 271 was itself the last in a long series of Reports discussing, proposing, rejecting and recommending changes to the fundamentals of the land registration system established by the Land Registration Act 1925 . As is well known, the Act of 2002 is designed to revolutionize conveyancing in England and Wales and to bring the land registration system established by the 1925 Land Registration Act into the modern age. In fact LRA 2002 was primarily designed to facilitate e-convey ancing: that is the holding and transfer of estates and interests in land electronically. This goal of a virtually paper free conveyancing system has not yet been achieved because the e-conveyancing provisions of the LRA 2002 have not yet been triggered , but the structure of registered land under 2002 Act is designed to ensure that e-conveyancing will work when the remaining technological issues have been resolved.

The Concept of Care and the Nursing Metaparadigm Research Paper

The Concept of Care and the Nursing Metaparadigm - Research Paper Example Historically there are four concepts in the nursing metaparadigm which have been used to describe the context and content of the nursing profession. As much as the four concepts; health, environment, person and nursing continue to be embraced in the nursing fraternity, they have been a number of challenges and proposals being experienced and given as alternatives (Schim, Benkert, Bell, Walker and Danford, 2007). The nursing metaparadigm however, continues to be recognized by all professions in the field. Apart from the four components the concept of caring continues to be a contentious issue. For a long period caring has been ignored since it could not be subjected to scientific inquiry, measured and its impact determined (Thorne, Canam, Dahinten, Hall, Henderson, and Kirkham, 2002). In many instances the ability to cure by use of scientific means through medicinal treatments alone renders the role of caring obsolete. This however, does not apply to those who are weak, aged and suffe ring from chronic diseases (Castledine, 2009).   These ones have to be cared for in order to boost their recovery process. Even with the many perceptions and definitions there seem to be an agreement on the components of care. The major focuses of these components are the physical, emotional and psychosocial requirements of the patients (Castledine, 2009). The patient needs to be cared for and in this case the staff is concerned primarily with giving care and little attention is given to end results.

HelloHealth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

HelloHealth - Essay Example Today, the organization has more than twice the rate of patients of a regular doctor’s office. Since there are four doctors, and each one is able to see more patients throughout the day than an average doctor without waiting times, the rate is twice as high, and still growing (Reporter’s Book Case Studies in Social Innovation and Creative Communities). Hello Health is a community of doctors that have made going to the doctor easy again. Instead of waiting in some emergency area in an impersonal hospital, Hello Health serves as the old-fashioned neighborhood doctor, adapted to todays lifestyle. Not only is this type of Health care accessible and affordable to all parts of society, but is also very individual and focused on each patient. The services of the four doctors who are involved in seeing twice as high number of patients throughout the day as an average doctor positively impact the city population and create new awareness for better health. The principles of Hello Health are to form a close and healthy relationship between patient and doctor and staying in constant communication, whether one is feeling absolutely all right or has some kind of health issue. The devices through which this is all made possible are the developed technologies of todays society. The internet and the cell phone serve as a means of making appointments and accessing ones records. The entire strategy behind Hello Health is meant to make life more convenient and affordable for both the patient and the doctor (Reporter’s Book Case Studies in Social Innovation and Creative Communities). Hello Health is known for its commitment to excellence, challenging work environment and to the community. This online clinic has a commitment to safeguard health concerns, provide best services to its customers, provide the best working environment for teamwork, creative thinking, respect, and open communication amongst

The Concept of Care and the Nursing Metaparadigm Research Paper

The Concept of Care and the Nursing Metaparadigm - Research Paper Example Historically there are four concepts in the nursing metaparadigm which have been used to describe the context and content of the nursing profession. As much as the four concepts; health, environment, person and nursing continue to be embraced in the nursing fraternity, they have been a number of challenges and proposals being experienced and given as alternatives (Schim, Benkert, Bell, Walker and Danford, 2007). The nursing metaparadigm however, continues to be recognized by all professions in the field. Apart from the four components the concept of caring continues to be a contentious issue. For a long period caring has been ignored since it could not be subjected to scientific inquiry, measured and its impact determined (Thorne, Canam, Dahinten, Hall, Henderson, and Kirkham, 2002). In many instances the ability to cure by use of scientific means through medicinal treatments alone renders the role of caring obsolete. This however, does not apply to those who are weak, aged and suffe ring from chronic diseases (Castledine, 2009).   These ones have to be cared for in order to boost their recovery process. Even with the many perceptions and definitions there seem to be an agreement on the components of care. The major focuses of these components are the physical, emotional and psychosocial requirements of the patients (Castledine, 2009). The patient needs to be cared for and in this case the staff is concerned primarily with giving care and little attention is given to end results.

Knight Guys Finish Last Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Knight Guys Finish Last - Essay Example The fourth wall consisted of thick, iron bars. Beyond was a hallway leading to a dark staircase. This contained the weak light source; a torch in an iron sconce, high on the wall. People panic due to shock and Tess began to feel a little hysterical herself, as she paced the cell, trying to make sense of the situation. She turned to find Daniel, opening his arms to console her, and she lost control. It was hours until they were discovered by a man wearing a chain tunic, old dented armour, and a rusty short-sword at his waist and he hurried up the stairs upon spotting them, returning soon after with another man, who possessed the haughty mannerisms of the high-born. "I am Count William the Third," he paused as if expecting applause. Receiving none, he continued, "Deegan here was most distressed to find a group of persons, occupying a cell in my dungeon which was empty. Obviously, the mystery is how they came to be here. Deegan believes that you are a group of sorcerers, though I must disagree. Why would a sorcerer transport himself into a dungeon I think you must have displeased a sorcerer, who transported you into my dungeon, expecting me to dispense justice, which I will do unless one of you can defeat my champion in the tourney on the morrow." And with that, he walked away. The next morning found Tess and her friends clamped in chains and escorted to a large ... Receiving none, he continued, "Deegan here was most distressed to find a group of persons, occupying a cell in my dungeon which was empty. Obviously, the mystery is how they came to be here. Deegan believes that you are a group of sorcerers, though I must disagree. Why would a sorcerer transport himself into a dungeon I think you must have displeased a sorcerer, who transported you into my dungeon, expecting me to dispense justice, which I will do unless one of you can defeat my champion in the tourney on the morrow." And with that, he walked away. The next morning found Tess and her friends clamped in chains and escorted to a large stadium. After the jousting, sword fighting, and jesters, Count William stood up from amongst his many attendants. He called for one of the prisoners to face his champion in a battle of blades. "I volunteer," said Daniel. The guards went forward and after unchaining Daniel, he led him past the group stopping in front of Tess. "I've never been brave enough to tell you this," he began softly, "but I suppose certain death makes heroes of us all. Ever since the first time I met you, I've been hopelessly in love with you." Then he continued on his way. Tess tried to call out to him, but the words caught in her throat as they led him into the centre of the stadium, handed him a sword and shield, and left him alone. The crowd roared as a dark figure stepped from the opposite entrance. Everything about him was menacing; the way he walked spoke of sinister grace. He approached Daniel as a lion stalking a doe. Wasting no time, the champion crouched and drove his blade towards Daniel's throat. It never found its destination as Daniel moved impossibly fast, spinning on the ball of his foot and heaving the other foot into the champion's ribs. With a

Secondary Traits and Social Systems Essay Example for Free

Secondary Traits and Social Systems Essay Personality can be a part of complex physiology rather than the simple, straightforward approaches taken by many personality theorists.   We are constantly creating and reviving our personalities from our social experiences and our sense of acceptance or rejection by others.   In addition to our perception and pruning of our personalities due to outside forces, we are constantly changing our states of being away from a homeostatic state to physiological states of consonance and dissonance and all points in between. Therefore, a reasonable theory of personality development is possible when taking these social and physiological aspects of our natural quests for self-actualization and harmony of personality.    In agreeing that a more comprehensive theory is possible, I must disagree then, that these simple and straightforward trait approaches adequately explain or elaborate on many facets of my personality. I do not believe that my personality has remained constant, as I have had to change and do so frequently due to approval or criticism.   I believe that in moving to self-actualization, I not only go through psycho-social stages and crises, but idiosyncratic events (such as the death of a family member, a move, or any other significant change) has served to change me, as well. No one can gauge this in a simple theory, but to put it simply, the world changes me and I change the reality of the world around me.   Events that once made me happy may make my cynical and, conversely, what I was once cynical about I am now content with.   So, it is impossible to say that I was once a person with a happy and carefree personality and am now cynical or vice versa.   This all depends on the situation.   Also, my spirituality helps me to change the way I think and behave, in essence this is an ongoing change of my personality, as well.

Terrorism And Globalization

Terrorism And Globalization Defining terrorism The terrorist phenomenon has a long and varied history, punctuated by lively debates over the meaning of the term. The term itself has always been a difficult one to define. This is partly because the term has evolved over the years and in part because it is associated with an activity that is designed to be subjective. Generally speaking, the targets of the terrorists are not the victims who are killed or injured in the attack. The terrorists hope to engender a reaction such as fear, repulsion, intimidation, overreaction, or radicalization. Terrorism is intended to be a matter of perception and is thus seen differently by different observers. The problem of defining terrorism has hindered analysis since the inception of studies of terrorism in the early 1970s. One set of problems is due to the fact that the concept of terrorism is deeply contested. The use of the term is often polemical and rhetorical. Even if the term is used objectively as an analytical tool, it is still difficult to arrive at a satisfactory definition that distinguishes terrorism from other violent phenomena. Generally speaking, terrorism is deliberate and systematic violence performed by small numbers of people, whereas communal violence is spontaneous, sporadic, and requires mass participation. The purpose of terrorism is to intimidate a watching popular audience by harming only a few, whereas genocide is the elimination of entire communities. Terrorism is meant to hurt. Terrorism is preeminently political and symbolic, where as guerrilla warfare is a military activity. Repressive terror from above is the action of those in power, whereas terrorism i s resistance to authority. Yet in practice, events cannot always be precisely categorized. A few generalizations can be made about terrorism that differentiates it from the states use of force. First, terrorism always has a political nature. It requires the occurrence of outrageous acts that will lead to political change. Second, it is the nonstate character of terrorism that differentiates it from the many other uses of violence that are inherently political such as war among states-even when terrorists receive military, political, economic, and other means of support from state sources. States obviously employ force for political ends: When state force is used internationally, it is considered an act of war; when it is used domestically, it is called various things, including law enforcement, state terror, oppression, or civil war. Although states can terrorize, they are not defined as terrorists. Third, it is generally the innocent that become the target of terrorism. This also distinguishes it from state. In any given example, the latter may or may not be seen as justified but this use of force is different from terrorism. Finally, state use of force is subject to international norms and conventions that may be invoked or at least consulted. Terrorists, on the other hand, do not abide by international laws or norms. In fact, in order to maximize the psychological effect of an attack, the terrorist activities have a deliberately unpredictable quality. Thus, generally speaking, terrorism can be said to have the following characteristics: a fundamentally political nature, the surprise element (use of violence against seemingly random targets), and the targeting of the innocent by nonstate actors. Even within the terms of these general characteristics, the practice of terrorism is highly diverse. The conceptual category of terrorism encompasses a wide variety of phenomena, ranging from kidnappings of individuals (in order to pressure governments to agree to specific political demands) to indiscriminate mass-casualty bombings of high-profile symbolic targets. Terrorism occurs in widely different cultural settings. Origins Terrorism is as old as human history. Modern terrorism, however, is generally considered to have originated with the French Revolution. The term terror was first employed in 1795, when it was coined to refer to a policy systemically used to protect the French republic government against counterrevolutionaries. Modern terrorism is a dynamic concept, from the outset dependent to some degree on the political and historical context within which it has been employed. Although individual terrorist groups have unique characteristics and arise in specific local contexts, an examination of broad historical patterns reveals that the international system within which such groups are born does influence their nature and motivations. A distinguishing feature of modern terrorism has been the connection between political or ideological concepts and increasing levels of terrorist activity internationally. The broad political aim has been against (1) empires, (2) colonial powers, and (3) the U.S.- led international system marked by globalization. Thus it is important to understand the general history of modern terrorism and where the current threat is within an international context. David Rapoport has described modern terrorism as part of a religiously inspired fourth wave. This wave, according to him, follows three earlier historical phases in which terrorism emerged in relation to the breakup of empires, decolonization, and leftist anti-Westernism. Rapoport argues that terrorism occurs in consecutive if somewhat overlapping waves. The argument here, however, is that modern terrorism has been a power struggle along various scales: central power versus local power, big power versus small power, modern power versus traditional power. The key variable is a widespread perception of opportunity, combined with a shift in a particular political or ideological paradigm. Thus, even though the newest international terrorist threat, emanating largely from Muslim countries, has more of religious inspiration, it is more accurate to see it as part of a larger phenomenon of anti-globalization and tension between the have and have-not nations, as well as between the elite and underprivileged within those nations. In the nineteenth century, the emergence of concepts such as universal suffrage and popular empowerment raised the hopes of people throughout the western world, indirectly resulting in the first phase of modern terrorism. In Russia, for example, it was stimulated not by state repression but by the efforts of the czars to placate demands for economic and political reforms, and the inevitable disappointment of popular expectations that were raised as a result. The goal of terrorists was to engage in attacks on symbolic targets to get the attention of the common people and thus provoke a popular response that would ultimately overturn the prevailing political order. This type of modern terrorism was reflected in the activities of groups such as the Russian Narodnaya Volya (Peoples Will) and later in the development of a series of movements in the United States and Europe, especially in territories of the former Ottoman Empire. The dissolution of empires and the search for a new distribution of political power provided an opportunity for terrorism in the nineteenth and twentieth century. It climaxed in the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand on June 28, 1914, an event that catalyzed the major powers into taking violent action. World War I, the result of the assassination can be said to have ended the first era of modern terrorism. But terrorism tied to popular movements seeking greater democratic representation and political power from coercive empires had not ceased. For example, the Balkans, after the downfall of the former state of Yugoslavia. A second, related phase of modern terrorism is associated with the concept of national self-determination. It can be said to have developed its greatest predominance after World War I. It also continues to the present day. These struggles for power are another facet of terrorism against larger political powers and are specifically designed to win political independence or autonomy. Terrorism achieved an international character during the 1970s and 1980s, evolving in part as a result of technological advances and partly in reaction to the dramatic explosion of international media influence. International links were not new, but their centrality was. Individual, scattered national causes began to develop into international organizations with links and activities increasingly across borders and among differing causes. The 1970s and 1980s represented the height of state-sponsored terrorism. Sometimes the lowest common denominator among the groups was the concept against which they were reacting-for example, Western imperialism- rather than the specific goals they sought. The most important innovation, however, was the increasing commonality of international connections among the groups. After the 1972 Munich Olympics massacre of eleven Israeli athletes, for example, the Palestinian Liberation Organization (PLO) and its associated groups captured the imaginations of young radicals around the world. AN EARLIER WAVE OF TERRORISM While globalization is for many a causal variable generating backlash and resistance, there also have been earlier waves of globalization. If terrorism and globalization appear together today, it is possible that terrorism and globalization co-appeared during an earlier period that ran from the 1880s to 1914. Associated with the idea of propaganda by deed, Russian, Italian, Spanish, French, American, Serbian, and Macedonian terrorists were involved in a period of assassination and bomb throwing from the Russian and Ottoman Empires to the east through the Austrian Empire and Western Europe to the United States in the west. In Serbia, there was the Black Hand; in Russia, Narodnaya Volya, or Peoples Will; among Slovenes, Croats, and Serbs, the Young Bosnians and the Narodna Obrana, or the Peoples Defense. Terrorists from one country also killed people from another. While the contemporary period is known as one of international terrorism, there are clear grounds for considering the anarc hist period as one that also had international or global aspects. Some scholars have made comparisons between figures like bin Laden and late 19th-century Russian terrorists. Similarities in the political religion of their ideologies, the diasporic-or transnational-nature of both sets of terrorists who often resided and planned attacks abroad, and the similarity of global political economic conditions at the end of the 19th and 20th centuries have been noted. If al-Qaeda is a reaction to American empire, as few scholars argue, then one could see earlier terrorist resistance in the form of pre-1914 terrorist groups attacking the empires of their day (the Serbian Black Hand versus the Austrian Empire; Inner Macedonian Revolutionary Organization versus the Ottoman Empire; and the terrorists of Narodnaya Volya versus the Tsarist Russian Empire). In the case of fundamentalist Islamic terrorism, a comparison with the Sudanese revolt of the Mahdi in the 1880s against the British Empire and bin Laden against the United States has been made. Some note a sim ilarity between the hatred of London as the financial center of world capitalism at the end of the 19th century and the hatred by fanatical Muslims today of the dominance of Wall Street and the Pentagon. Since the September 11 attacks, the world has witnessed the maturation of a new phase of terrorist activity, the jihad era, spawned by the Iranian Revolution of 1979 as well as the Soviet defeat in Afghanistan shortly thereafter. The powerful attraction of religious and spiritual movements has overshadowed the nationalist or leftist revolutionary ethos of earlier terrorist phases (though many of those struggles continue), and it has become the central characteristic of a growing international trend. Religious terrorism is not new; rather it is a continuation of an ongoing modern power struggle between those with power and those without it. What is different about this phase is the urgent requirement for solutions that deal both with the religious fanatics who are the terrorists and the far more politically motivated states, entities, and people who would support them because they feel powerless and left behind in a globalizing world. Thus if there is a trend in terrorism, it is the existence of a two-level challenge: the hyper religious motivation of small groups of terrorists and the much broader enabling environment of bad governance, nonexistent social services, and poverty that punctuates much of the developing world. Al-Qaeda, a band driven by religious extremism, is able to do so much harm because of the secondary support and sanctuary it receives in vast areas that have not experienced the political and economic benefits of globalization. There are four types of terrorist organizations that can said to be currently operating around the world, categorized mainly by their source of motivation: left-wing terrorists, right-wing terrorists, ethno nationalist/separatist terrorists, and religious or sacred terrorists. All four types have enjoyed periods of relative prominence in the modern era, with left-wing terrorism intertwined with the Communist movement, right-wing terrorism drawing its inspiration from Fascism, and the bulk of ethno nationalist/separatist terrorism accompanying the wave of decolonization especially in the immediate post-World War II years. Currently, sacred terrorism is becoming more significant. Although groups in all categories continue to exist today, left-wing and right-wing terrorist groups were more numerous in earlier decades. Of course, these categories are not perfect, as many groups have a mix of motivating ideologies-some ethno nationalist groups, for example, have religious characteristics or agendas-but usually one ideology or motivation dominates. NEW TERRORISM Following incidents such as the bombing of the WTC in 1993, U.S. embassies in Africa in 1998, and the attacks on the Pentagon and WTC in 2001, the conventional belief of researchers and commentators on terrorism was that the world had entered a new phase since the 1990s that departed dramatically from what had gone before. It variously was called the new terrorism or spoken of as involving new types of post-cold war terrorists or a new breed of terrorist or new generation of terrorists; or terror in the mind of God or a clash of fundamentalisms or simply a new wave of terrorism. In these analyses terrorism seemed to be changing in some of the following ways. Several recent works focus on a new terrorism that is motivated by religious belief and is more fanatical, deadly, and pervasive than the older and more instrumental forms of terrorism the world had grown accustomed to. This emerging new terrorism is thought to differ from the old terrorism in terms of goals, methods, and organization. The comparison goes roughly as follows. Whereas the old terrorists sought short-term political power through revolution, national liberation, or secession, the new terrorists seek to transform the world. Motivated by religious imperatives, they are thought to lack an earthly constituency and thus to feel accountable only to a deity or to some transcendental or mystical idea. Conventional left-right ideological distinctions are not applicable. Because they do not want popular support, they are unlikely to claim public credit for their actions. Also, new terrorists are thought to be more inclined to use highly lethal methods in order to destroy an impure world and bring about the apocalypse. The strategies of the old terrorists were discriminating; terrorism was a form of communicating a specific message to an audience. In the new terrorism, unlimited ends lead to unlimited means. Thus the new terrorists seek to cause high numbers of casualties and are willing to commit suicide or use weapons of mass destruction in order to do so. Finally, whereas traditional militants were linked in tight, centralized, structured conspiracies, the organization of the new terrorists is decentralized and diffuse. Adherents are united by common experience or inspiration rather than by direct personal interaction with other members of the group and its leaders. Institutions and organizations are less important than beliefs. An earlier and more violent historical antecedent of the conception of a new terrorism is anti-Western terrorism originating in the Middle East that is linked to radical or fundamentalist Islam. This concern dates from the 1980s and terrorism attributed to the Shiite Hezbollah action in Lebanon. Alarm over the emergence of radical Islam (which is a small minority of the Muslim world) was heightened by a combination of factors: the resort to suicide bombings in Lebanon and Israel, a general willingness to inflict mass civilian casualties, and anti-Americana and anti-Western targeting patterns. The bombing of th e World Trade Center in 1993 as well as the bombings of the American embassies in Kenya and Tanzania in 1998 further increased the American sense of vulnerability. Trends in Modern Terrorism By the late 1990s, four trends in modern terrorism were becoming apparent: an increase in the incidence of religiously motivated attacks, a decrease in the overall number of attacks, an increase in the lethality per attack, and the growing targeting of Americans. Statistics show that, even before the September 11 attacks, religiously motivated terrorist organizations were becoming more common. The acceleration of this trend has been dramatic: According to the RAND-St. Andrews University Chronology of International Terrorism, in 1968 none of the identified international terrorist organizations could be classified as religious; in 1980, in the aftermath of the Iranian Revolution, there were 2 (out of 64), and that number had expanded to 25 (out of 58) by 1995. Another important trend relates to terrorist attacks involving U.S. targets. The number of such attacks increased in the 1990s, from a low of 66 in 1994 to a high of 200 in the year 2000. This is a long-established problem: U.S. nationals consistently have been the most targeted since 1968. But the percentage of international attacks against U.S. targets or U.S. citizens rose dramatically over the 1990s, from about 20 percent in 1993-95 to almost 50 percent in 2000. In addition to the evolving motivation and character of terrorist attacks, there has been a notable dispersal in the geography of terrorist acts-a trend that is likely to continue. Although the Middle East continues to be the locus of most terrorist activity, Central and South Asia, the Balkans, and the Transcaucasus have been growing in significance over the past decade. International connections themselves are not new: International terrorist organizations inspired by common revolutionary principles date to the early nineteenth century and complex mazes of funding, arms, and other state support for international terrorist organizations were in place especially in the 1970s and 1980s. Terrorism Becoming Global Newer terrorist organizations seemed to have moved away from the earlier model of professionally trained terrorists operating within a hierarchical organization with a central command chain and toward a more loosely coupled form of organization with a less clear organizational structure. Similarly, whereas from the 1960s through the 1980s groups more clearly were bound nationally (German, Japanese, Italian, Spanish, Irish, Palestinian, and so forth), more recent organizations like al-Qaeda have members from multiple nationalities and organizational sites outside the leaderships country of origin. The identities of terrorist organizations have become more difficult to identify. Terrorist organizations also seem to identify themselves or to claim responsibility for specific acts less often, such as the bombing of the U.S. embassies in Africa or the events of September 11, which while purportedly organized by bin Laden and al-Qaeda, never clearly were claimed by that organization. This is in contrast with earlier terrorist organizations, which were much clearer in taking responsibility for their actions and defining who they were, often with elaborate radical political ideologies. Terrorist ideologies have become more religious. What has been called the new religious terrorism or holy terrorism reflects the increasing prevalence of religion in the ideology of terrorist organizations, with the most notable being Islamic fundamentalism, or political Islam, and also including Christian fundamentalism or the religious sect Aum Shinrikyo, a Japanese terrorist group that released poisonous gas in a Tokyo subway in 1995. There also seems to be an increase in groups with more vague and religious ideologies than earlier radical groups such as the German Red Army Faction, the Italian Red Brigades, or the Japanese Red Army. Terrorist violence becomes more indiscriminate. Along with a geographical dispersion of targets, there seems to be a move away from specific targets, for instance as when hundreds of civilian Kenyan and Tanzanian embassy employees and passersby were killed to achieve the objective of bombing the U.S. embassy. The 1993 and 2001 attacks of the WTC were also examples of more indiscriminate targets, as opposed to earlier skyjacking of a national airlines plane in order to attain specific demands or the kidnapping a particular politician. On reflecting upon these changes, many of them suggest the process of globalization raising the question of whether terrorism, like other economic, cultural, and political aspects of life also is globalizing. Arguments about a growing dispersion and indiscriminateness of terrorist violence also express a disregard for national boundaries and, as such, a growing global, as opposed to national, character of terrorism. GLOBALIZATION AND TERRORISM Some scholars interpret the link between globalization and terrorism in a causal fashion: globalization generates a backlash or resistance that can take the form of terrorist attacks on national powers in the forefront of the globalization processes. In this regard, some see terrorism as a defensive, reactionary, movement against global forces of cultural and economic change. Industrialization then and globalization now involve integration into a larger web of economic transactions that threatens local authority and sense of place. The result is defensive, reactionary mobilization, manifested in European food riots then and Middle Eastern terrorism now. In their article, International Terrorism and the World System, Albert J. Bergesen and Omar Lizardo have formulated a number of theories and bring forth the links between globalization and terrorism. World-System Theory While world-system theorists normally are concerned with questions of development and underdevelopment, they have advanced similar ideas regarding globalization and terrorism. Chase-Dunn and. Boswell in Transnational Social Movements and Democratic Socialist Parties in the Semiperiphery speak of the reactionary force of international terrorism as an anti-systemic element or globalization backlash; M,Jurgensmeyer in Terror in the Mind of God: The Global Rise of Religious Violence links the disruption of globalization with defensive reactions that often take a religious character, and when that reaction is terrorism, it can take the form of fundamentalist Arab-Islamic terrorist organizations. World-Society/Polity Theory While world-society theorists have not addressed the issue of international terrorism directly, they have documented the continued expansion of Western originated cultural models of rationalized action and universal standards during the same period that a rise in international terrorism has been observed. To the extent that there is a possible causal relationship, world-society theorys top-down model of the intrusion of the world-politys global standards, expectations, norms, and definitions of reality also might generate defensive backlash that might, under some circumstances, take the form of international terrorism. It would seem that the growth in world society provides a generalized empowerment for international action on the basis that social existence is global existence and that social problems are global problems. The expansion of global society should empower action across the globe as a distinctly glob logical effect, which means that individuals in Latin America suffering from the side effects of economic globalization should feel just as globally empowered to engage in international backlash terrorism as those of the Arab-Islamic Middle East. But this does not seem to be the case; there is not as much international terrorism emanating from Latin America as from the Middle East, yet both are or should be globally empowered (world-society effect) and angry (globalization creates resistance effect). But the anger seems to be turned inward in Latin America and outward in the Middle East. What accounts for differences of response? Relative openness, democracy, representational institutions, and levels of functioning intermediary social organization may absorb, channel, or somehow provide outlets for the tensions and anger set off by globalization. Their anger is channeled into electoral politics, demonstrations, social move-mints, and domestic terrorism; in the more autocratic Arab-Islamic regimes, dissent is suppressed more often, and there are fewer o pportunities for its expression within the institutionalized political opportunity structures of those states. As a result, given the same level of global empowerment, the anger is turned outward to take the form of international terrorism more often than in Latin America. There is also no doubt something of a curvilinear effect with linkages to world-society. They empower and, given grievances, would have a positive effect upon contentious acts like international terrorism. But continued linkage into world-society also would seem to have an integrative effect and thereby would dampen terrorism rates, yielding an overall curvilinear relationship between linkages to world-society and rates of international terrorism Blowback Theory M.Crenshaw in Why America? The Globalization of Civil War argues that terrorism should be seen as a strategic reaction to American power, an idea associated with Johnsons blowback thesis. In this view, the presence of empires-both at the end of the last century and today-and the analogous unipolar military position of the United States today provoke resistance in the form of terrorism. Johnson notes that the Russian, Ottoman, and Habsburg Empires-which controlled multiple ethnic, religious, and national peoples-led to a backlash, or blowback, by Serb, Macedonian, and Bosnian terrorist organizations . By analogy the powerful global position of the United States, particularly in its role of propping up repressive undemocratic regimes, constitutes something of a similar condition with Arab-Islamic terrorism as a result. The Center for Strategic International Studies (2002) attempts to precisely define globalization, calling it a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations, a process driven by international trade and investment and aided by information technology. Some aspects of globalization facilitate terrorism. At its basest meaning, globalization means internationalization. Something is taken from a national setting and projected across the world. Certain nations adopt this, others reject it. When most nations do accept it and adopt it, globalization is taking place. A K Cronin in Behind the Curve suggests that terrorism cemented itself as an international phenomenon in the 1970s and 1980s, evolving in partà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ in reaction to the dramatic explosion of international media influence. At this point in time, news media was truly becoming international in scope. Many broadcasting companies maintained correspondents or sister stations in other nations, sharing information back and forth. This would lead to the first visions of terrorism for many peoples who had never seen it. Presently, the media can be responsible for perpetuating the climate of international terror. Another aspect to this concept is that the media can be used by terrorists for their purposes. Osama bin Laden released his now-infamous recorded statements using instruments of globalization. Many have seen video of bin Laden on American media outlets even though it was originally released to regional network Al-Jazeera. International media certainly is not the main byproduct that facilitates terror. Perhaps the main facilitator stemming from globalization is communications technologies. There are many devices taken for granted in Western society that changed the way terrorists operate, especially digital communications device. Clansmen fighting Americans in Somalia in the early 1990s used digital phones that could not be tapped. The internet, mobile phones, and instant messaging have given many terrorist groups a truly global reach. Leading up to the September 11 attacks, al-Qaeda operatives used Yahoo e-mail, while the presumed leader made reservations online and other members researched topics such as using crop dusters to release chemical agents Perhaps even more troubling is that these technologies can be used to disperse terrorists to different locations yet stay connected. Cells can stay in touch through internet communications while websites spread ideologies. It is estimated that al-Qaeda op erates in over sixty countries now as a result of using technologies inspired by globalization Globalization makes CBNR weapons increasingly available to terrorist groups. Information needed to build these weapons has become ubiquitous, especially through the internet. Among the groups interested in acquiring CBNR (besides al-Qaeda) are the PLO, the Red Army Faction, Hezbollah, the Kurdistan Workers Party, German neo-Nazis, and the Chechens. Globalization has enabled terrorist organizations to reach across international borders, in the same way (and often through the same channels) that commerce and business interests are linked. The dropping of barriers through the North American Free Trade Area and the European Union, for instance, has facilitated the smooth flow of many things among countries. This has allowed terrorist organizations as diverse as Hezbollah, al-Qaeda, and the Egyptian al-Gamaat al-Islamiyya to move about freely and establish cells around the world. Movements across borders can obviously en-able terrorists to carry out attacks and potentially evade capture, but it also complicates prosecution if they are apprehended, with a complex maze of extradition laws varying greatly from state to state. The increased permeability of the international system has also enhanced the ability of nonstate terrorist organizations to collect intelligence. States are not the only actors interested in collecting, disseminat ing, and/or acting on such information. In a sense, then, terrorism is in many ways becoming like any other international enterprise. Terrorist organizations are broadening their reach in gathering financial resources to fund their operations.. The list of groups with global financing networks is long and includes most of the groups identified by the U.S. government as foreign terrorist organizations. Sources of financing include legal enterprises such as nonprofit organizations and legitimate companies that divert profits to illegal activities and illegal enterprises such as drug smuggling and production. Websites are also important vehicles for raising funds. Although no comprehensive data are publicly available on how lucrative this avenue is, the proliferation of terrorist websites with links or addresses for

My Personal Philosophy of Education :: Philosophy of Teaching Statement

Philosophy Teachers have been a part of my life for as far back as I can remember. Different individuals have shown me so much in a variety of capacities: some worked in a classroom, some coached me outside of it, and some individuals have simply been a model for how to live a rich life. I consider them all teachers. My decision to become a teacher is founded in the idea that it is one of the most direct ways to influence young people. I believe that students do look upon teachers as role models, sometimes even as they pledge dislike for teachers to their classmates. I have already been working with youth of various ages for several years in the capacity as a tennis coach. I thoroughly enjoy participating in the development of each student’s quest to improve. One of the shining moments of the job is when a student has successfully attained a skill that has been difficult for them. Instantly they understand that effort and intellect have combined to bring them success, a model they can follow far beyond the court. That experience is something that I intend to bring to a classroom and a school system in general, combining the personal growth of a student with the ability to improve one’s grasp of subject matter. For a student to achieve genuine personal growth is not always a simple process, nor is it for any individual, including myself. It is one that I expect will be more difficult when I am not dealing with a student alone or in a small group but with a class of twenty or more students. It is important to both challenge the actively involved student and to draw in the shy or disinterested one. Especially as an English teacher, I feel that it is important to make myself relatable to students early in the year. That being said, it is also important to establish a certain bar of expectation right away. This is a delicate balance as students who look at a teacher (particularly a young one) too personally are likely to attempt to take advantage of the bond. Meanwhile, students are given very little incentive to work hard when the teacher comes across as uncaring or highly authoritarian.

Defining Race and Ethnicity Essay

The use of the terms â€Å"race† and â€Å"ethnicity† is varied. The two terms are misused as if they are identical. The casual and common appearance of the terms side by side in the public discourse may discourage people from regarding them as distinct terms. Race is based on the premise of biological and physical differences. the concept of ‘race’ included any essential zing of groups of people which held them to display inherent, heritable, persistent or predictive characteristics, and which thus had a biological or quasi-biological basis. Ethnicity is an embodiment of values, institutions, and patterns of behavior, a composite whole representing a people’s historical experience, aspirations, and worldview. Ethnic classification, either externally imposed or intrinsically engendered, often defines people’s membership to a group. Aside from social constructs, ethnicity is innately more central to human experience and identity than race. I do not believe that these concepts should be important to society. Racial and ethnic categories are neither fixed across societies nor within a society. Racial and ethnic categories are fluid and changing depending on the socio-political context of a society at any given time. Ethnic and racial differences do not inherently lead to conflict. Instead, these differences can take on a social meaning of hierarchy leading to conflict when divided groups fail to negotiate. In such cases, the imbalance of power, not the racial or ethnic differences per se, is the underlying cause of the conflict. In each of these cases, it is critical that the topic of race and ethnicity receives continual examination. The ideology and myth of racial and ethnic differences cannot be validated to support or legitimate superiority, privilege, or conflict as has often been the case in both historical and global contexts.

Prejudice And Discrimination In Snow Falling On Cedars Essay

How does Guterson present the prejudice and discrimination against the Japanese Americans in chapter 1-15 of Snow Falling on Cedars. This book shows a great difference between cultures on the island of San Piedro. To start with the island is a very cosmopolitan island with its residents all from different backgrounds and countries, Japan, England, Germany, Spain and Denmark to name a few. We can tell this from the long lists of shops and their owners on page three. Chapter one tells us more about San Piedro. It tells us of the great beauty of the island. The â€Å"solitary fields and vales of alfalfa†, â€Å"careless roads† and the animals. It also tells us more about the residents. It says that they are close knit, a lot are deeply religious, they are respectful and are of limited means. The island in very quiet and so the trial is a very big event for them, â€Å"San Piedro generally lay clear of violence†. They also seem serious minded and conservative and traditional in their way of thinking. With the story being set after the Second World War and the bombing of Pearl Harbour the people of Japanese origin are experiencing the most discrimination on the island. In chapter four there is a scene with the fishermen at Amity Harbour. When they are talking about the accused man – Kabuo Miyamoto – also a fisherman, Dale Middleton referred to him as Miyamoto, not his first name. He then goes on to call all Japanese â€Å"suckers† and says â€Å"Never could tell them guys apart†. The term â€Å"Jap† is used throughout the book to refer to the Japanese. This is very insulting and sounds quite racist and rude. The first time this is used is by fellow fisherman William Gjovaag. This is the first real indicator in the book of the Japanese status on the island. Ishmael Chambers is the islands reporter and he is of Irish and Scottish descent. His function in the book is to be the person who experiences an inter-cultural relationship with a Japanese American girl. He isn’t a racist and his job as journalist is to give a fair view in the paper. He can’t be seen as discriminating in the paper. We learn more about this relationship as we read into the book. When Horace Whaley – the coroner and the local G.P. – sees Carl’s injury on his head he speculates straight away. He says of Sheriff Art Moran â€Å"he ought to start looking for a Jap with a bloody gun butt – a right-handed Jap to be precise†. He suggested all this from one wound in Carl’s skull, and instantly thinks it was a â€Å"Jap†. We learn from chapter five that Whaley is a war veteran and he feel bitter about the Japanese and this causes him to discriminate without any proof that it was a â€Å"Jap† to blame for the wound. Whaley wouldn’t say any of this in court, under oath, because he had no strong evidence, but he would speculate if he didn’t have to back it up. In chapter seven we learn that the Japanese people who are attending the trial sat at the back of the of the court room it says that they didn’t have to sit at there but did so because â€Å"San Piedro required it of them without calling it a law†. The chapter then continues to talk about the racism inflicted on the Japanese in the work place. They weren’t referred to by their Christian names, but by numbers or names that the census taker decided for them, such as; â€Å"Jap Number 1† or â€Å"Dwarf Jap†. This was very racist and disrespectful for them, aswell as embarassing and hurtful. We pity this verbal abuse. They were given the worst, most dangerous jobs. As if they were so insignificant it didn’t matter if they got injured. If this wasn’t bad enough the Japanese weren’t even paid the same as the other workers. They were made to sleep in barns and were treated like animals. They were on the same level as the Red Indians and treated with same amount of disrespect. Then in 1942 the government deported all of the Japanese workers out of San Piedro because of the start of the Second World War, they were seen as a threat or the â€Å"enemy†. Even though they were natives, it was thought that they could be spies for he Japanese government, and were therefore deported. Although many of the islanders were racist towards the Japanese some of the Japanese had their own views about the white people. To contrast Mrs. Shigemura taught Hatsue that white men were â€Å"dangerous egomaniacs† and that they had â€Å"fantasises† about Japanese girls and that it â€Å"distorted their sex drives†. Hatsue should â€Å"marry a boy of her own kind whose heart is strong  and good†.This shows us that all Japanese people don’t take the abuse. They practice their views like the white racists. The book carries a lot of detail about the Second World War and has many descriptions and feelings during and after the war. Also in this chapter we learn about Kabuo, his Buddhism and beliefs. These beliefs say that everything has a soul and shouldn’t be harmed and so he feels he carries the burden of war. The Americans didn’t think about, or take into consideration the fact that the Japanese Americans would be going out to fight their own kind, people from their homeland. Kabuo feels enormous guilt about this and carried it through out his whole life. Carl’s mother, Etta is asked to give evidence for the prosecution in chapter nine. She is a farmer’s daughter who was brought up in South Germany and she is very hardworking and proud. From the evidence she presented in court we feel she isn’t emotional in any way and that her traditional views make her seem set in her ways. It also becomes apparent that she is extremely racist and feels that the Japanese are below her. She talks about her husband – who doesn’t share her racist views – and Kabou’s father and about how they had an agreement, when her husband died she totally ignored the agreement, which is what she wanted to do in the first place. Carl was like his father in that he wasn’t racist either, he was friends with Kabuo and worried about them and their safety when they are told top leave the country. He relates to them and sees them as individuals rather than one awful race, like Etta. Carl’s and his mother’s views sometimes clashed. For example when he brought the fishing rod home that Kabuo gave him, she told him to take it back. Etta never gave Zanichi- Kabuo’s father – and his family a chance and she always talked down to him, even though he was constantly polite. This highlights the contrast between the two characters well and shows Etta to be old, bitter and twisted and very close-minded. When Etta tells the court about her and Kabuo’s conversation in chapter ten it emphasise Etta’s cold hearted, selfish, pathetic ways. She says that Kabuo has a â€Å"mean face†. She doesn’t realise that this is what the Japanese look like, and that it is impossible to read their faces. Yet she doesn’t  want to learn or listen either way. Etta’s character conveys racism very clearly and depicts how low, hurtful and quite petty some of the islanders actually are. We see how these attitudes effect the Japanese and how they cause problems and conflict, yet these people feel that it is their right to act this way toward them. A description of Pearl Harbour is given in chapter thirteen. It also tells us of what happens to the Japanese after and how they are discriminated against. Their bank accounts were stopped because there is a slight chance that they may be traitors. Also in chapter thirteen we learn more about Arthur Chambers, like his son he isn’t a racist at all and is a friend to the Japanese. He feels confusion when he hears the story of the bombing and doesn’t know what to print in his paper, because he doesn’t want to support or defend the actions of either the Americans or the Japanese. Instead he prints stories of Japanese contribution to the community. He is a balanced, stable character and isn’t racist in any way and therefore contradicts other characters in the book such as Etta and Horace. We learnt that Ishmael wasn’t racist right at the start of the book and here we start to find out why. Ishmael had his first relationship with Hatsue Imada who is Japanese. To Hatsue when she was growing up her relationship with Ishmael felt young, innocent and fun. They both enjoyed each other’s company and most of all liked each other. They found sanctuary in a hollowed out Cedar Tree in the woods earlier on in the book. There they were hidden away from the world and weren’t effected by anything going on in the outside. There they could be themselves and it wouldn’t matter that their love for each other was forbidden. Now in chapter thirteen the fortress of the cedar tree start to fall apart. The war starts it and now the fact that their countries are against each other upsets Hatsue and she realises that they have to stop meeting, especially as the relationship is starting to get sexual. Ishmael doesn’t see it that way he is naive and doesn’t see the problem as clearly as Hatsue as she starts to feel she is deceiving her parents. The F.B.I search on the Imada’s property takes place in chapter fourteen.  They come at night for the search. This instantly suggests they don’t have the decency to come during the day they arrive at night to cause upset and grief. The family is referred to as the â€Å"enemy† and â€Å"aliens† which misplaces them from the San Piedro community instantly. The men take away guns, dynamite and swords; they say that they are violent weapons and don’t listen when they tell them that they are only used to assist them with farming the land. The big men also take cultural objects, like a flute, some music and hatsue’s scrapbook. This is unjust and they are abusing their authority and their warrant. ThEy root through their draws and rummage in their underwear, this is embarrassing and very disrespectful. One of the officers deliberately says Hisao’s name incorrectly, this is very rude and must be frustrating because he said it wrong even when corrected. When the men unjustly arrest him they try to justify it as a sacrifice, even though none of this mess was their fault. Everything is taken away from the Japanese and they are then sent away to camps. The baseball team lost its best players and this saddened many people so they dedicated the match to them. This makes us realise that most people in San Piedro don’t want them to leave. Hatsue and her mother – Fujiko have a conversation about the discrimination she has been suffering or that she will suffer later in life, Fujiko is a bias character because she has suspicions about all white people and she has a very pessimistic outlook. She tells her how she and Hatsue’s father were embarrassingly poor yet they got through it with dignity. She explained about how she feels invisible to the whites of the island and that she was and is constantly ignored, but they should all except this because that was how it was and nothing was going to change. She tells Hatsue that the Japanese are worthless to the whites and their value is like â€Å"dust in a strong wind†. The journey to Manzanar is discussed in chapter fifteen. There is no comfort and they are treated like animals and we feel for these people because they don’t know the outcome of their fate, but they had to conform to the rules of the American Government. Fujiko tries to show she is strong by suffering  inwardly. The fact Manzanar is a desert we know there will be no escape and the hostile, barren, hot landscape will be a total contrast to San Piedro. Also in this chapter Fujiko finds out about Hatsue and Ishmael’s relationship. This is quite hypocritical because she talks to Hatsue about how white always discriminate against them but here a white person is being kind and loving to her daughter and she gets so upset. This is quite a contrast and shows that the Japanese can be just as bad at discriminating. In these fifteen chapters we see the suffering of the Japanese at the hands of the white islanders. The Japanese could not help many of the reasons at all and a minority of Japanese Americas punished for a war between the country they currently live in and the country they originated from. We pity the Japanese throughout and understand why some of them are suspicious. Some of the islanders are constantly hateful, spiteful and rude, with no respect for their fellow human beings. Whereas others are polite and kind and treat them as they would anyone else. Guterson conveys this pity in many of the nasty comments made by the whit islanders. Like the term â€Å"Jap† and many of the awful things they were subject to at work. Even though a couple of the Japanese characters don’t like whites. Much of the pity in the book is directed at the Japanese Americans.

Into the Wild Analysis

In the book, â€Å"Into the Wild† by Christopher McCandless's, is a true story about a young man name Emory who was found dead in the Alaskan wilderness in September 1992. Anyhow, McCandless is a senior at Emory. He has driven away most of his friends, and barely keeps in touch with his parents.He lets his parents think that he is interested in law school, but instead, after graduating with honors, he donates his $25,000 savings to charity, gets in his car, and drives away without telling anyone where he is going, abandoning the use of his real name along the way.His plan was to get away from city life, to be with nature. Shaun Callarman said that â€Å"I think that Chris McCandless was bright and ignorant at the same time. He had no common sense, and he had no business going into Alaska with his Romantic silliness. He made a lot of mistakes based on arrogance.I don't admire him at all for his courage nor his noble ideas. Really, I think he was just plain crazy.† I have to say that I agree with Shaun.I agree with Shaun because McCandless didn’t look ahead of his future. Instead he just threw himself into the wind. Which can be good sometimes but in this case it was a poorly decision. I don’t think McCandless took the time to think about basic essentials like food, health, clothes, safety and loneliness.I believe he was so driven by the anger of his dad, having a second family that he just wanting to escape that. I mean, a lot of people go through things like this; sometimes even worst.Likewise, I don’t see them throwing themselves into nature like that. Very foolish! It would have been okay if he had made back safely or was better prepare to do this; but he wasn’t. Therefore he die because in late July, McCandless eats some moldy seeds and the mold contains a poison that essentially causes him to starve to death.No matter how much he ate, he was to too weak to gather food . McCandless was quickly incapacitated by the po ison. If he had known his information about nature and knew that the seeds were dangerous, he probably still would have been alive longer.One thing I couldn’t wrap my head around was, those whom he tells about the plan all warn him that he needs to be better prepared, or should wait until later in the spring. Thus, being stubborn he still went on and did he own  thing.He was being hardheaded, which I feel like it another reason that lead to his death. In other words, these people who talk to him were like warnings. They even knew that it wasn’t a good idea but for some reason he didn’t pick on this. He went into Alaska without a map or planning of where he was going.I'm surprised he lasted as long as he did. If he'd of just had a map he wouldn't have been trap up at the river he was a crossing. But honestly the best thing was his realization that he does need other people, even though it was ultimately too late.To sum up, I thought that Chris' journey into the wilderness to seek the simple life was inspirational but he was extremely naive about his journey and was much unprepared for the conditions that he was facing.

Origins of the cold war beginning in around 1920 Essay

Origins of the cold war beginning in around 1920 - Essay Example The fear of communism in America in 1920s imposed a great threat to USA because they had overthrown the Royal family in Russia in 1917 and murdered them. The communists were then blamed for several strikes that took place including the police of Boston as well as Steel and Coal workers. This article attempts to analyse the origin of the Cold War in 1920s. The Red Scare of the 1920s saw the headquarters of dissident and communist institutions raided without any warranty and numerous people were arrested but were never neither tried nor allowed to access counsel. The media stations were shut down, as some legal immigrants were deported and the judicial system turned a blind eye because the Americas national security was dominant. Interestingly the people whose homes were ransacked did not even have weapons as expected and only three guns were found yet the people could not question the legality of their arrests. It is undeniable that numerous of anarchists and communist were rounded up by Palmer with the help of local law enforcement officials (Murray 82-90). House and the senate debated over the bills that provided draconian sanctions for the people who uttered seditious statements and Palmer believed that responding to public clamour for antiradical action would help in his presidential ambition. A number of sweeping took place in dozens of cities for a very long time as well as smaller raids in different parts of the country. According to Murray many people were arrested and taken into custody without charges and held for long hours (82-90). The Republican district attorney was trying to upstage democratic attorney general even though Palmer got the credit of wholesale assaults on civil liberties rounded up numerous communists both. Barkey explains that the Justice Department agents and some local police got into homes and meeting places where they comprehensively arrested everybody they found in sight (136-137). Some men arrested in Detroit were imprisoned fo r three to six days in dark windowless, narrow corridors where they slept on bare stone floors, bullied by police, derived of food and were only allowed one toilet. The people were denied communication link with their relatives or attorneys and were charged for attending a dance, class or that they ate at the House of the Masses. The Boston Justice Department chained together detainees and matched them along the streets where they were harassed by the hecklings of Americans. There were similar events in Pittsburgh where congregated foreigners were driven away by trucks. Initially, Palmer’s actions were warmly received and the media reported different views such as â€Å"Fighting Quaker of the Cabinet† Uncle Sam’s Policeman, the Rooter out of Reds†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ a man who showed a quality of courage for practicing ideas and more other headlines that strongly supported palmer. Palmer presented lots of case against the Reds by asserting that communism was an alien criminal who put the nation into jeopardy. There were proposals that the US government should restrict immigration and supress extremists and that real Americans were not aliens as the anarchists (Murray 190-195). Barkey explains